Bitumen VG
What is Bitumen VG?
Bitumen VG stands for "Viscosity Grade" Bitumen, which is a standardized bitumen product used in road construction and maintenance. Bitumen VG is graded based on its viscosity at a certain temperature, which determines the product's suitability for specific applications.
The viscosity of Bitumen VG is typically measured using the Kinematic Viscosity Test, which involves measuring the time it takes for a known volume of bitumen to flow through a standard capillary tube at a specific temperature. The test is performed at two temperatures: 60°C and 135°C. The viscosity at 60°C is used to grade the product, and the viscosity at 135°C is used to determine the product's temperature susceptibility.
The grades of Bitumen VG range from 10 to 100, with higher numbers indicating higher viscosity. The most commonly used grades of Bitumen VG are 30/40, 60/70, and 80/100. The grade of Bitumen VG used in a particular application depends on various factors, such as the climate, traffic volume, and road conditions.
Bitumen VG is used in various road construction and maintenance applications, such as asphalt pavement, surface dressing, and crack sealing. It is also used in the production of roofing felt, waterproofing membranes, and other industrial applications.
In summary, Bitumen VG is a standardized bitumen product graded based on its viscosity at a certain temperature, and it is used in various road construction and maintenance applications.
Quality of Bitumen VG
The quality of Bitumen VG is determined by several parameters that reflect its physical and chemical properties.
Some of the key quality parameters of Bitumen VG include:
Viscosity: The viscosity of Bitumen VG is the most critical quality parameter, and it is measured at 60°C using the Kinematic Viscosity Test. The viscosity determines the product's suitability for specific applications, and it should be within the specified range for the desired grade.
Penetration: Penetration is a measure of the hardness of Bitumen VG and is determined by the depth in tenths of a millimeter that a standard needle will penetrate the bitumen sample under specified conditions of load, time, and temperature. The penetration value should be within the specified range for the desired grade.
Ductility: Ductility is a measure of the Bitumen VG's ability to stretch without breaking, and it is determined by measuring the distance in centimeters that a standard briquette of bitumen will elongate before breaking. The ductility value should be within the specified range for the desired grade.
Softening point: Softening point is the temperature at which Bitumen VG softens and begins to flow under the influence of heat, and it is determined using the Ring and Ball method. The softening point value should be within the specified range for the desired grade.
Flash point: Flash point is the lowest temperature at which Bitumen VG gives off vapors that ignite momentarily when exposed to a test flame, and it is determined using the Cleveland Open Cup method. The flash point value should be within the specified range for the desired grade.
Solubility: Solubility is a measure of the Bitumen VG's ability to dissolve in a specific solvent, such as trichloroethylene. The solubility value should be within the specified range for the desired grade.
In summary, the quality of Bitumen VG is determined by several parameters, including viscosity, penetration, ductility, softening point, flash point, and solubility. The product's quality should be within the specified range for the desired grade to ensure its suitability for specific applications.
History of Bitumen VG
The use of bitumen in construction dates back to ancient times, with evidence of its use in the construction of the walls of Babylon in 6000 BC. Bitumen was also used by the ancient Egyptians to waterproof their boats and buildings.
In modern times, the development of Bitumen VG can be traced back to the early 20th century when the first standardized specifications for bitumen were introduced. In the 1920s, the American Association of State Highway Officials (AASHO) introduced a system for grading bitumen based on viscosity. This system became known as the AASHO viscosity grading system and was later replaced by the Superpave system.
The AASHO viscosity grading system classified bitumen into six viscosity grades, ranging from AC-2.5 to AC-30, based on their viscosity at 60°C. The higher the grade, the higher the viscosity of the bitumen. The AASHO system was widely adopted in the United States and other countries and remained in use until the 1990s.
In the 1990s, the Superpave system was introduced, which is a more advanced system for grading bitumen based on its performance characteristics. The Superpave system takes into account factors such as traffic volume, climate, and pavement design in addition to bitumen properties to select the appropriate grade for a specific application.
Today, Bitumen VG is widely used in road construction and maintenance around the world. The product's standardization and quality control have enabled it to be used in a wide range of applications, from low-traffic residential streets to high-traffic highways and airports.
Bitumen VG is a widely used material in road construction and maintenance, as well as in various other applications. Some of the primary usages of Bitumen VG include:
Asphalt pavement: Bitumen VG is used as a binding agent in the production of asphalt pavement. It is mixed with aggregates and other additives to create a durable and flexible pavement surface.
Surface dressing: Bitumen VG is used in surface dressing to provide a waterproof layer on road surfaces. The material is sprayed onto the surface and then covered with a layer of aggregate to create a durable and skid-resistant surface.
Crack sealing: Bitumen VG is used in crack sealing to seal and repair cracks in asphalt pavement. The material is applied to the cracks to prevent water infiltration and further damage to the pavement.
Roofing felt: Bitumen VG is used in the production of roofing felt, which is a roofing material made of felt or fiberglass coated with bitumen. The material is used to provide a waterproof layer under shingles or other roofing materials.
Waterproofing membranes: Bitumen VG is used in the production of waterproofing membranes for use in below-grade applications such as basements and foundations. The material is applied in sheets or rolls to create a waterproof barrier.
Pipe coatings: Bitumen VG is used in the coating of pipelines to protect them from corrosion and other forms of damage. The material is applied to the surface of the pipe to create a durable and long-lasting coating.
In summary, Bitumen VG is used in a wide range of applications, including road construction and maintenance, roofing, waterproofing, and pipe coatings. Its versatility and durability make it a popular choice for many construction projects.
Packing of Bitumen VG
Bitumen VG is typically packed and transported in bulk or in steel drums or bags. The packaging used for Bitumen VG depends on the specific needs and requirements of the customer and the mode of transport.
In bulk, Bitumen VG is typically transported in heated tanker trucks or ships. The tanker trucks or ships are equipped with heating systems to keep the Bitumen VG at the appropriate temperature during transport.
In steel drums, Bitumen VG is typically packed in 180 kg or 200 kg drums. The drums are sealed to prevent any leaks or spills during transport and are often palletized for ease of handling.
In bags, Bitumen VG is typically packed in 25 kg or 50 kg bags. The bags are made of high-strength woven polypropylene and are designed to withstand the weight of the Bitumen VG without tearing. The bags are often palletized for ease of handling and transport.
Regardless of the packaging used, it is important to ensure that the Bitumen VG is stored and transported at the appropriate temperature to maintain its quality and consistency. The material should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and sources of heat.
Prices of Bitumen VG
The price of Bitumen VG can vary widely depending on a variety of factors, including the global supply and demand for crude oil, the cost of refining, transportation costs, and regional market conditions. Additionally, the price of Bitumen VG can vary based on the specific grade and packaging of the product.
As of my knowledge cutoff date of September 2021, the price of Bitumen VG in the international market was around $350-$400 per metric tonne (MT) for bulk orders, while the price of packaged Bitumen VG in steel drums or bags was around $400-$500 per MT, depending on the quantity and packaging.
However, it is important to note that prices can fluctuate over time and can vary by region and supplier. It is recommended to consult with local suppliers or industry experts for current market prices and pricing trends.
Delivery time and readiness of Bitumen VG
The delivery time and readiness of Bitumen VG can vary depending on several factors such as the location of the supplier and the customer, the volume of the order, and the transportation mode chosen.
In general, Bitumen VG is readily available from a wide range of suppliers around the world, and delivery times can vary from a few days to several weeks depending on the distance and the mode of transportation.
If the Bitumen VG is being shipped internationally, the delivery time can also be affected by customs clearance and other regulatory requirements.
To ensure timely delivery, customers should work with reliable suppliers and confirm the lead times and delivery schedules before placing an order. It is also important to ensure that the product is available in the required volume and quality to meet the specific needs of the project.
Overall, the delivery time and readiness of Bitumen VG can be influenced by various factors, and it is important for customers to plan ahead and work with reputable suppliers to ensure timely and efficient delivery.
Specifications of Bitumen VG
Bitumen VG (Viscosity Grade) is a type of bitumen used primarily in the production of asphalt pavement and other road construction applications. The specifications for Bitumen VG typically include the following:
Viscosity: Bitumen VG is classified by its viscosity, which is a measure of the material's resistance to flow. The viscosity of Bitumen VG is typically between 800 and 1200 cSt (centistokes) at 60°C.
Penetration: Bitumen VG has a penetration value between 60 and 100 at 25°C. Penetration is a measure of the hardness of the bitumen and is determined by measuring the depth to which a standard needle penetrates the material.
Softening point: Bitumen VG has a softening point between 45°C and 52°C. The softening point is the temperature at which the bitumen becomes soft enough to deform under a specified load.
Ductility: Bitumen VG has a ductility of at least 100 cm at 25°C. Ductility is a measure of the bitumen's ability to stretch without breaking and is determined by measuring the length of a standard briquette of bitumen before and after stretching.
Flash point: Bitumen VG has a flash point of at least 225°C. The flash point is the temperature at which the vapors from the bitumen will ignite when exposed to a flame or spark.
Solubility: Bitumen VG is insoluble in water but is soluble in many organic solvents, such as benzene, toluene, and xylene.
These specifications may vary depending on the specific grade and manufacturer of Bitumen VG. It is important for customers to carefully review the specifications and quality assurance certificates provided by the supplier to ensure that the product meets their specific needs and requirements.
Analysis Table of Bitumen VG
Here is an example analysis table for Bitumen VG, showing some typical properties and test methods:
These values may vary depending on the specific grade and manufacturer of Bitumen VG. It is important for customers to carefully review the analysis table and quality assurance certificates provided by the supplier to ensure that the product meets their specific needs and requirements.
| Property | Test Method | Result Range |
| Penetration | ASTM D5 | 40-250 |
| Softening Point | ASTM D36 | 30-70°C |
| Ductility | ASTM D113 | 50-400 cm |
| Specific Gravity | ASTM D70 | 0.98-1.05 |
| Flash Point | ASTM D92 | 220-360°C |
| Solubility in CS2 | ASTM D4 | 99% min |
| Viscosity at 60°C | ASTM D2171 | Dependent on grade |
| Elastic Recovery | ASTM D6084 | 70% min |
| Fraass Breaking Point | ASTM D113 | -40 to -10°C |
| Particle Charge | Zeta potential measurement | Negative |
| Wax Content | EN 14369 | Dependent on grade |
| Penetration Index | ASTM D5 | 0.8-1.2 |