Penetration Grade Bitumen 85-100
What is Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100?
Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 is another type of bitumen commonly used in road construction and other infrastructure projects. It is a bitumen grade with a penetration value of 85 to 100 decimillimeters (0.85-1.0 cm) at 25°C and is commonly produced and sold in the global bitumen market.
Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 has a harder consistency than Penetration Grade Bitumen 70/100, which makes it suitable for use in regions with higher temperatures or heavier traffic loads. It is often used in hot climate regions due to its higher resistance to deformation under high temperatures.
Like other bitumen grades, Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 is derived from crude oil through a process of distillation and refining. It is a thermoplastic material that softens when heated and hardens when cooled. It is typically used as a binder in asphalt mixes for road construction and other civil engineering applications.
Quality of Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100
The quality of Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 is determined by several key properties, including penetration, softening point, ductility, solubility, flash point, and other physical and chemical characteristics. Here are some typical quality specifications for Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100:
Penetration @ 25°C (0.1 mm): 85-100
Softening Point (°C): 44-52
Ductility @ 25°C (cm): 100 min
Solubility in CS2 (%): 99.5 min
Flash Point (°C): 225 min
Drop in Penetration after Heating (%): 20 max
Loss on Heating (%): 0.5 max
Density @ 25°C (kg/m³): 1,000-1,050
These specifications may vary depending on the specific standards and regulations in different countries or regions. It's important to check with the local authorities and follow the appropriate regulations and standards for the use and handling of Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100.
In general, Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 is known for its high quality and durability, making it a popular choice for road construction and other infrastructure projects. It has good resistance to deformation and cracking under heavy traffic loads and high temperatures, which makes it suitable for use in hot climate regions.
History of Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100
The history of Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 is closely tied to the development of the bitumen industry and the growing demand for high-quality bitumen for road construction and other infrastructure projects.
The use of bitumen as a binder in asphalt mixes can be traced back to ancient civilizations, such as the Mesopotamians, who used natural bitumen as a waterproofing material for their buildings and structures. Over time, the use of bitumen spread to other regions and became an important material for road construction and other civil engineering projects.
The modern bitumen industry began to take shape in the late 19th century, as advances in refining technology and transportation made it possible to produce and transport bitumen on a larger scale. In the early 20th century, the American Association of State Highway Officials (AASHO) developed a system for classifying bitumen based on its physical properties, which included penetration as one of the key characteristics.
Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 is a relatively recent addition to the AASHO classification system and other international bitumen standards. It was developed in response to the need for a bitumen grade with a harder consistency than Penetration Grade Bitumen 70/100, which could better withstand heavy traffic loads and higher temperatures.
Today, Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 is widely used in road construction and other infrastructure projects around the world, and it continues to be an important material for building and maintaining our transportation networks.
Usages of Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100
Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 is a widely used construction material with a range of applications in the civil engineering industry. Here are some of the most common uses of Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100:
Road construction: Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 is commonly used as a binder in asphalt mixes for road construction projects. It provides a durable and stable surface that can withstand heavy traffic loads and harsh weather conditions.
Waterproofing: Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 is also used as a waterproofing material for buildings and structures. It can be applied to roofs, walls, and foundations to create a waterproof barrier that protects against water damage and leaks.
Surfacing: Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 can be used as a surfacing material for playgrounds, sports fields, and other outdoor recreational areas. It provides a smooth and durable surface that can withstand heavy use and harsh weather conditions.
Industrial applications: Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 is also used in various industrial applications, such as pipeline coatings, corrosion protection, and electrical insulation.
Emulsions: Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 can also be used to produce bitumen emulsions, which are used in various road construction and maintenance activities, including chip sealing, microsurfacing, and tack coating.
Overall, Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 is a versatile and durable construction material that plays a vital role in building and maintaining our transportation networks, as well as other important infrastructure projects.
Packing of Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100
Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 is typically packed in a variety of different containers, depending on the specific needs of the customer and the mode of transportation. Here are some common packing options for Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100:
Bulk tanker trucks: Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 can be transported in bulk tanker trucks, which can carry up to 30,000 liters of bitumen.
Bitutainers: Bitutainers are specially designed shipping containers that are used to transport bitumen. They come in various sizes, typically ranging from 20 to 26 cubic meters, and can be heated to keep the bitumen at the required temperature.
Drums: Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 can also be packed in drums, which typically hold around 180 kg of bitumen. Drums are often used for smaller projects or when transportation is required over shorter distances.
Bags: In some cases, Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 can be packed in bags, typically weighing around 25 kg each. This option is usually used for small-scale construction projects or for repair and maintenance work.
Regardless of the packing option used, it's important to ensure that the containers are properly labeled, handled, and stored to prevent any safety hazards or quality issues. It's also important to follow the appropriate safety regulations and guidelines when handling and transporting bitumen.
Prices of Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100
The price of Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 can vary depending on several factors, such as the location of the supplier, the quantity ordered, and the current market demand. Other factors that may influence the price of bitumen include the cost of crude oil, transportation costs, and taxes or tariffs.
As of my knowledge cutoff date of September 2021, the average price of Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 was around $250-$350 per metric tonne, FOB (Free on Board) basis. However, it's important to note that prices can fluctuate frequently due to market conditions and other factors. It's always best to obtain a current quote from a reputable supplier to get an accurate price for your specific requirements.
Delivery time and Readiness of Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100
The delivery time and readiness of Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 can vary depending on several factors, such as the location of the supplier, the quantity ordered, and the current demand. In general, suppliers aim to deliver bitumen as quickly as possible to meet customer needs, but the actual delivery time can depend on various logistical factors such as transportation arrangements, customs clearance, and other administrative procedures.
For small orders, delivery time may range from a few days to a week, while for larger orders or orders from more remote locations, delivery time may be longer. It's important to communicate your requirements clearly with the supplier to get an accurate estimate of delivery time and to ensure that you receive the product when you need it.
In terms of readiness, Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 is typically available year-round and can be supplied in large quantities. However, it's important to keep in mind that bitumen must be stored and transported at high temperatures to maintain its fluidity and workability. This means that suppliers must have appropriate heating and storage facilities to ensure that the product is delivered in the correct condition.
Analysis Table of Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100
| Property | Value |
| Penetration at 25°C, 100g | 85-100 dmm |
| Softening Point | 45-52°C |
| Ductility at 25°C | 100 min cm |
| Flash Point (Cleveland) | 225°C (min) |
| Solubility in Trichloroethylene | 99.0% (min) |
| Fraass Breaking Point | -18°C (max) |
| Specific Gravity at 25°C | 1.01-1.06 |
| Loss on Heating | 0.2% (max) |
| Drop in Penetration after Heating | 20 (max) |
Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 is commonly used in hot mix asphalt concrete for the construction of roads, airfields, and pavements. Its relatively low penetration value and high softening point make it suitable for areas with high temperatures and heavy traffic loads. The high solubility in trichloroethylene also makes it easy to mix with other materials.
In summary, Penetration Grade Bitumen 85/100 has the following properties: it has a penetration value of 85-100 dmm, a softening point of 45-52°C, a minimum ductility of 100 cm, a flash point of 225°C, a solubility in trichloroethylene of 99.0%, a Fraass breaking point of -18°C, a specific gravity of 1.01-1.06, a maximum loss on heating of 0.2%, and a maximum drop in penetration after heating of 20.